柯丹

Stalevo100:levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone:100/25/200mg/tab>

Description:TreatidiopathicParkinson'sdisease

1.Carbidopaisaninhibitorofaromaticaciddecarboxylationwhichpreventstherapiddecarboxylationoflevodopainextracerebraltissuesmakingmorelevodopaavailablefortransporttothebrain.

2.Entacaponeisaselectiveandreversiblecatechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)antagonist.ItblockstheCOMTinperipheraltissues,thuspreventingeliminationofcathecolaminesandsomeotherhydroxylatedmetabolitesincludinglevodopa.

3.Levodopa,themetabolicprecursorofdopamine,hasthecapacitytocrossthebloodbrainbarrierthusprovidingdopaminetothecorpusstriatum.

Timetopeakconc.:carbidopa2.5-3.4h;entacapone1-1.2h;levodopa1.1-1.5h

Proteinbinding:carbidopa36%;entacapone98%;levodopa10-30%

Excretion:entacaponefecal90%,renal10%

Elimination:T1/2:carbidopa1.6-2h;entacapone0.8-1h;levodopa1.5-2.4h

表現藥效終期邉庸δ懿▌蝇F象，以左多巴/多巴脫羧基脢抑制劑無法達到穩定治療效果之巴金森氏症病人。

DosageandAdministration:oral,onetabletperdose.Max.8tablets/d.

Morefrequent:dyskinesia;abdominalpain;constipation;diarrhea;dizziness;fatigue;hyperkinesias;hypokinesia;nausea;urinediscoloration

Lessfrequent:agitation;anxiety;asthenia;backpain;bacterialinfection;drymouth;dyspepsia;dyspnea;flatulence;gastritis;gastrointestinaldisorders;increasedsweating;purpura;somnolence;tasteperversion;vomiting

Incidencenotdetermined:agranulocytosis;anemia;angioedema;ataxia;chestpain;cardiacirregularities;convulsions;extrapyramidaldisorder;pleuraleffusion;pleuralthickening;pulmonaryinfiltrates;retroperitonealfibrosis;gastrointestinalbleeding;HenochSchonleinpurpura;hyperpyrexia;leucopenia;malignantmelanoma;myocardialinfarction;neurolepticmalignantsyndrome;oculogyriccrisis;phlebitis;psychoticepisodes;rhabdomyolysis;thrombocytopenia;alopecia;anorexia;bizarrebreathingpatterns;blepharospasm;blurredvision;bradykineticepisodes;bruxism;bullouslesions;burningsensationofthetongue;confusion;cough;darksaliva;darksweat;darkurine;decreasedmentalacuity;depression;dementia;dilatedpupils;diplopia;disorientation;dreamabnormalities;drymouth;duodenalulcerdevelopment;dysphagia;edema;euphoria;failing;faintness;flatulence;flushing;gaitdisorders;headache;heartburn;hiccups;hoarseness;hotflashes;hypertension;hypotension;increasedsweatin;insomnia;libido,increased;legpain;malaise;memoryimpairment;musclecramps;muscletwitching;nervousness;numbness;orthostatichypotension;palpitation;paresthesia;peripheralneuropathy;pharyngealpain;priapism;pruritus;senseofstimulation;shoulderpain;sialorrhea;tremor,increasedtrismus;upperrespiratorytractinfection;urinaryfrequency;urinaryincontinence;urinaryretention;urinarytractinfection;urticaria;weightgain;weightloss.

Contraindicateduseinpatientwith

1.hypersensitivitytocarbidopa,levodopa,orentacaponeproducts

2.nonselectiveMAOinhibitorsconcurrentlyorlessthan2weeksprior

3.narrow-angleglaucoma

4.historyofmelanomaorsuspicious,undiagnosedskinlesions

Cautionuseinpatientwith

1.biliaryobstruction

2.severecardiovascularorpulmonarydisease,bronchialasthma,renal,hepaticorendocrinedisease

3.dyskinesia

4.myocardialinfarction,historyof,withresidualatrial,nodal,orventriculararrhythmias

5.historyofpepticulcerdisease

6.pastorcurrentpsychoses

7.wide-angleglaucoma

PregnancyCategory:C

1.USPDI26th2006.

2.MICROMEDEX(R)HealthcareSeries2007.

3.DrugpackageInsert.