直系同源基因
核心定义与概念编辑本段
直系同源基因(英文:Orthologous genes 或 Orthologs)是指在不同物种中,源于共同祖先的同一个基因,并通过物种形成事件(Speciation)分化而来的基因。直系同源基因通常保留其原始的生物学功能,因此是进行跨物种功能预测、比较基因组学和系统发育重建时最为可靠的遗传标记。
识别与鉴定方法编辑本段
准确鉴定直系同源基因是比较基因组学分析的基础,主要方法包括:
生物学意义与应用编辑本段
挑战与复杂性编辑本段
参考资料编辑本段
- Fitch W M. Distinguishing homologous from analogous proteins[J]. Systematic Zoology, 1970, 19(2): 99-113.
- Koonin E V. Orthologs, paralogs, and evolutionary genomics[J]. Annual Review of Genetics, 2005, 39: 309-338.
- Sonnhammer E L, Koonin E V. Orthology, paralogy and proposed classification for paralog subtypes[J]. Trends in Genetics, 2002, 18(12): 619-620.
- Altenhoff A M, et al. Standardized benchmarking in the quest for orthologs[J]. Nature Methods, 2016, 13(5): 425-430.
- Gabaldón T, Koonin E V. Functional and evolutionary implications of gene orthology[J]. Nature Reviews Genetics, 2013, 14(5): 360-366.
- Emms D M, Kelly S. OrthoFinder: phylogenetic orthology inference for comparative genomics[J]. Genome Biology, 2019, 20: 238.
- 赵志文, 黄娟. 直系同源基因的识别方法与应用研究进展[J]. 遗传, 2020, 42(7): 621-633.
- Li H, Coghlan A, Ruan J, et al. TreeFam: a curated database of phylogenetic trees of animal gene families[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2006, 34(suppl_1): D572-D580.
- 陈润生. 生物信息学与基因组学[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2003, 18(1): 13-16.
- Wang Y, Tang H, DeBarry J D, et al. MCScanX: a toolkit for detection and evolutionary analysis of gene synteny and collinearity[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2012, 40(7): e49-e49.
- Dessimoz C, Gabaldón T, Roos D S, et al. Toward community standards in the quest for orthologs[J]. PLoS Computational Biology, 2012, 8(9): e1002676.
- Li L, Stoeckert C J, Roos D S. OrthoMCL: identification of ortholog groups for eukaryotic genomes[J]. Genome Research, 2003, 13(9): 2178-2189.
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