巴宾斯基征
Babinskisign
脊髓失去大脑皮质运动区的控制时出现一种特殊的脊髓反射。当用钝物划其足，大拇趾背曲，四趾向外似扇形展开→阳性成人的脊髓是在大脑皮质运动区控制下活动的，正常时这一反射被抑制而表现不出来，一旦锥体系或锥体外系受到损伤而失去这种抑制时，就会出现巴彬斯基征。
临床上可检查巴彬斯基氏征以判断锥体系统或锥体外系统的功能。
在婴儿锥体束未发育完善以前,以及成人深睡或麻醉状态下，也会出现巴彬斯基征阳性。
Babinskisign:Animportantneurologicexaminationbaseduponwhatthebigtoedoeswhenthesoleofthefootisstimulated.Ifthebigtoegoesup,thatmaymeantrouble.
TheBabinskisignisobtainedbystimulatingtheexternalportion(theoutside)ofthesole.Theexaminerbeginsthestimulationbackattheheelandgoesforwardtothebaseofthetoes.TherearediversewaystoelicittheBabinskiresponse.Ausefulwaythatrequiresnospecialequipmentiswithfirmpressurefromtheexaminer'sthumb.Juststrokethesolefirmlywiththethumbfrombacktofrontalongtheoutsideedge.
Toovigorousstimulationmaycausewithdrawalofthefootortoe,whichcanbemistakenasaBabinskisign.
TheBabinskisignismanifestbytheupturningofthebigtoeandalsobyfanningoftheothertoes.
MostnewbornbabiesarenotneurologicallymaturesotheynormallyshowaBabinskisign.Uponstimulationofthesole,theyextendthegreattoe.Manyyounginfantsdothis,too,anditisperfectlynormal.However,intimeduringinfancytheBabinskiresponsevanishesand,undernormalcircumstances,shouldneverreturn.
ABabinskisigninanolderchildoradultisabnormal.Itisasignofaprobleminthecentralnervoussystem(CNS),mostlikelyinapartoftheCNScalledthepyramidaltract.
AsymmetryoftheBabinskisign--whenitispresentononesidebutnottheother--isabnormal.Itisasignnotmerelyoftroublebuthelpstolateralizethattrouble(tellwhichsideoftheCNSisinvolved).
TheBabinskisignisknownbyanumberofothernames:theplantarresponse(becausethesoleistheplantarsurfaceofthefoot),thetoeorbigtoesignorphenomenon,andtheBabinskireflex,responseorphenomenon.
ItiscommonbutwrongtosaythattheBabinskisignispositiveornegative;itispresentorabsent.
Babinski,despitetheSlavicsoundofthename,wasFrench:JosephFrancoisFelixBabinski(1857-1932).Hisnamewillneverbeforgotteninmedicine.
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