高尿酸血症
定义与流行病学编辑本段
高尿酸血症(Hyperuricemia)是指血液中尿酸浓度升高,超过正常范围的状态。尿酸是嘌呤代谢的终产物,主要通过肾脏排泄。当尿酸生成过多或排泄减少时,就会导致高尿酸血症。长期高尿酸血症可能引发痛风、肾结石和慢性肾病等问题。流行病学显示,高尿酸血症在发达地区患病率约10-20%,且与肥胖、代谢综合征密切相关。
ADFASDFAF23RQ23R
病因编辑本段
高尿酸血症的病因可以分为原发性和继发性两类: ADSFAEQWER353423413434
症状编辑本段
高尿酸血症本身通常无明显症状,但长期未治疗可能引发以下并发症:
ADFASDFAF23RQ23R
诊断编辑本段
高尿酸血症的诊断主要依赖血液和尿液检查:
ADFASDFAF23RQ23R
治疗编辑本段
高尿酸血症的治疗目标是降低血尿酸水平,预防并发症。主要方法包括: ADFASDFAF23RQ23R
预防编辑本段
高尿酸血症的预防措施包括: ADSFAEQWER353423413434
参考资料编辑本段
- Choi, H. K., Atkinson, K., Karlson, E. W., Willett, W., & Curhan, G. (2004). Purine-rich foods, dairy and protein intake, and the risk of gout in men. New England Journal of Medicine, 350(11), 1093-1103.
- Richette, P., & Bardin, T. (2010). Gout. Lancet, 375(9711), 318-328.
- Dalbeth, N., Merriman, T. R., & Stamp, L. K. (2016). Gout. Lancet, 388(10055), 2039-2052.
- Zhang, W., Doherty, M., Bardin, T., Pascual, E., Barskova, V., Conaghan, P., ... & Lioté, F. (2006). EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part I: diagnosis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 65(10), 1301-1311.
- Becker, M. A., & Jolly, M. (2006). Hyperuricemia and associated diseases. In: Koopman, W. J., & Moreland, L. W., eds. Arthritis and Allied Conditions: A Textbook of Rheumatology, 15th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Li, X., Meng, X., Timofeeva, M., Tzoulaki, I., Tsilidis, K. K., Ioannidis, J. P., ... & Theodoratou, E. (2017). Serum uric acid levels and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of evidence from observational studies, randomised controlled trials, and Mendelian randomisation studies. BMJ, 357, j2376.
- Zhang, Y., Chen, C., Choi, H., Chaisson, C., Hunter, D., Niu, J., ... & Neogi, T. (2012). Purine-rich foods intake and recurrent gout attacks. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 71(9), 1448-1453.
- 中华医学会内分泌学分会. (2019). 中国高尿酸血症与痛风诊疗指南(2019). 中华内分泌代谢杂志, 35(1), 1-14.
- 王旭, 李长贵. (2018). 高尿酸血症的流行病学研究进展. 中国实用内科杂志, 38(12), 1115-1118.
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